Facts

The longest reign in recorded history was that of pepi 2^nd  who had succeeded to the throne of Egypt in 2272 B.c. It lasted According to all the evidence, for ninety years . Which means that he must have been a mere infant on succeeding to the throne .Within two years of Pepi’s death,in2182 B.c.,Egypt fall apart.

आप मोटी हैं तो पढ़िए इसे

vki eksVh gSa rks  bls if<+;s

vki eksVh gSa vkSj iryh gksuk pkgrh gSa  rks flQZ ,d vnn ukSdj  j[k yhft;s A vjs! js ]  ;g D;k vki rks pkSad xbZa ApkSafd;s er

 esjh iwjh  ckr lqu  yhft;s vki dqN er dfj;s cl ,d vnn ukSdj j[k  yhft;s A vki dgsaxh ;g dSlh mYVh ckr A ukSdj j[k ysus ls rks vkjke gh feysxk vkSj vki mYVk eksVh  gks tk;saxh A th ugha  ,slh ckr ugha gS eSa blds pan dkj.k crykrh gWaw fd vki

D;ksa iryh gks tk;saxh A

 vc nsf[k;s u ukSdj vk tk;sxk rks vki  dke rks djsaxh ugha  fnu Hkj iyax ij fojkteku jgsaxh A iyax ij  cSBs jgus ls [kkuk

 gte ugha gksxk vkidks Hkw[k ugha yxsxh rks vki [kkuk Hkh ugha [kk;saxh vkSj Qkyrw pchZ [kkuk u [kkus ls  ?kV tk;sxh A fQj isV Hkh tjk lk gh [kkuk Lohdkj djus  yxsxk D;ksafd mls mrus dh gh vknr gks tk;sxh A vkSj ;g Hkh  gks ldr gS  cSBs jgus ls isV gh

 [kjkc gks tk;s] isV dh [kjkch vf/kdrj  chekfj;ksa dh tM+ gS vkSj  jksx yxh dk;k rks  gksrh gh nqcyh iryh gS A gS u  A

 fQj Åij ls vk;s  fnu ukSdj NqV~Vh dj  tk;sxk A ukSdj dh otg ls egjh vkfn  dh rks  vki igys gh NqV~Vh dj pqdh gksaxh A ,d gh fnu lkjs dke  vk iM+us ls  xqLlk  c<+ tk;sxk A vkidh ,uthZ lc ij cM+cMK+us [kh>us esa cgqr [kpZ gksxhA ;g lc feydj

 vkids “kjhj ij  ,dne vlj djsaxs A

vxj vki dksBh esa jgrh gSa rks  ;k edku esa gh  tgkWa  vki gksaxh  vki dks tc Hkh t:jr gksxh ukSdj dks nwljs Nksj ij ik;saxh  A

ph[kus esa rks iwjk ne  yxrk gh gS vkSj ;fn cqykus  tk;saxh rks ckj ckj  pDdj yxkus  iM+saxs ftlls fd vki dh vPNh [kklh

 dljr gks  tk;sxh A  gkWa ,d  ckr gS ukSdj cSBk u jg ik;s  tYnh ls dke ij yx  tk;s blds fy;s  lkeus  j[kus ds fy;s tYnh

 tYnh tkdj cqyk dj yk;saxh rks  rst rst pyus dh vknr gks tk;sxh tks vkidks  nqcyk djus esa lgk;d  gksxk A

 vkidk ukSdj dHkh tyh dPph nky dHkh dPph iDdh jksVh lsd dj nsxk A dHkh  lCth dh “kdy gh ,slh  gksxh fd  ns[kdj mYVh djus dh  rfc;r djs rc ;g LokHkfod gS fd vki  lwa?k dj gh isV Hkjsa A ;g eksVkis ls cpus dk   lQy mik; gksxk A

 vkidk vk;s fnu uqdlku gksxk dHkh fons”kh Vh lSV VwVsxk ] dkWap ds fxykl rks cpsasxs gh ugha AdHkh nw/k mcy dj  ukyh esa cg

tk;sxk blls  vki >hadsxh fpYyk;saxh  vfrfjDr dSyksjh [kpZ gks tk;sxh A

 Hkwy dj Hkh vki ryk Hkquk ugha [kk;saxh A D;ksafd vki [kk;saxh ,d ijkaBk og Hkh bl fgnk;r ds lkFk fd  nks cwan rsy yxkuk vkSj ukSdj fQj dSls  ihNs jg tk;sxk og Hkh bUlku gS og vius nl  ijkaBs cuk;sxkA ;g rks  viuh viuh Hkw[k dh ckr gS A rc vki ?kh rks  eaxkuk Hkwy gh tk;saxh  rks eksVkik  vius vki  de gksxk D;ksafd vius ,d  ijkaBs ij nl ijkaBksa dk vki cfynku nsuk ugha

 pkgsaxh vSkj vki :[kh jksVh gh cuok;saxh A Åij ls ukSdj dk [kpkZ vkidk ctV Mxexk nsxk rks  oSls Hkh  idoku  vkidh fyLV esa ls de gks tk;saxs A esgekuksa  ds fy;s  eaxkdj j[kk  uedhu ehBk  dHkh ugha  feysxk  rks vki esgekuksa dks  cqykus ls ijgst djus yxsaxh vkSj esgeku ds lkFk [kqn Hkdkslus dh vknr ls Hkh cpsaxh A

 ukSdj nw/k ij ls eykbZ rks ugha  pkV jgk gS ] viuh jksVh ds vanj ?kh rks ugha yxk jgk gS gj dejs esa iksaNk yxk;k fd ugha  ;g

tklwlh djukA ,d gh dke ds fy;s  ckj ckj mlls dguk vkSj u djus ij lkrosa vkleku ij flj mBk ysuk vkidh pjch

?kVk;sxk A

 var esa vxj  fdlh  fnu ukSdj ekyeÙkk ysdj Hkkx x;k rks  ;g vDlhj nok dk dke djsxk D;ksafd lkyksa rd mlds “kksd esa

 vki eqLdjkuk Hkwy tk;sxh vkSj vkius ns[kk gksxk  tks dq<+rs jgrs gSa os ges”kk  nqcys irys gksrs gSa vkSj  fnu Hkj Bh Bh galus  okys

 eksVs A  eSaus xyr mik; rks ugha crk;s gSa u AdqN mik; rks vkids dke vk gh tk;saxs

शायरी 2

;g lqudj geus eS[kkus esa viuk uke fy[kok;k

Tkks eSd”k yM+[kM+krk gS oks cktw Fkke ysrs gSa  ---    Tksk”k

ftudk bdcky t+ekus esa ped tkrk gS

mudks cpiu ds g’kh’kksa ls gtkc vkrk gS A

  

mudks x+:js gqLu gS eq>dks l:js b”d

og Hkh u”ks esa pwj gSa eSa Hkh fi;s gq, gwa   -- ekgj vydkojh

fdl dnj ,s e; rq>s jles fgtkc vkbZ ilUn

ijngs vaxqj ls fudyh rks eksukvksa esa Fkh --- bdcky

fuxkgs d+gj dks xqy”ku utj vkrk gS ohjkuk

fuxkgs esgj ohjkus esa xqy”ku ns[k ysrh gS

u”kseu ij esjs ckjs deZ lkjh tehz dk gS

dksbZ frUdk dgha dk gS dksbZ frUdk dgha dk  -- bdcky

esa bhi hota hai

isfjl ds v[kckjksa esa ,d foKkiu Nik ftlesa 25 lsafVe esa fcuk FkdkoV ds ;k=k dh lLrh fof/k crkus dk ok;nk fd;k Fkk A dbZ yksxksa us fo”okl djds mDr jde Hkst nh A tcko esa mUgsa i= feyk ftldk vk”k; Fkk ^ Hkkb;ksa vkjke ls fcLrj esa cSBs jfg;s ;kn j[ksa fd i`Foh ?kwerh gS isfjl esa ¼ 49 osa v{kak”k ij½ vki gj fnu 25000 fd eh ls vf/kd nwjh r; djrs gSa A vkSj vki lqjE; n`”;ksa dks ilan djrs gSa rks f[kM+dh ds insZ gVk nsa vkSj rkjd eafMr vkdk”k dh okg okgh fd;k djsa *

ckn esa bl /ka/ks ds vijk/kh ij Bxh dk eqdnek pyk;k x;k mlus QSlyk lquus ij tqekZuk vnk dj fn;k A tSlk dgrs gSa  ukVdh; eqnzk esa [kM+k gksdj xkSjo ls xSyhfy;ks ds izfl) “kCn nqgjkus yxk^ tks Hkh dgsa og ?kwerh gS * vfHk;qDr Hkh vius LFkku ij lgh Fkk A

Hkkjr esa rSukr xouZj tujy fofy;e oSfVax ¼1828&1838½ us ,d ckj fo”oizfl) rktegy dks fxjkdj mlds laxejej dks csp nsus dh flQkfj”k dh Fkh A ;g rF; vkt Hkh cgqr de Hkkjrh;ksa dks Kkr gS blls Hkkjrh; lkaLd`frd fojklr ds izfr vaxzstksa dh bZ’;kZ gh igjyf{kr gksrh gS oju~ mudk Hkkjr okfl;ksa ds izfr dSlk fofp= n`f’Vdks.k Fkk bldk Hkh cks/k gksrk gS A fofy;e oSfVax dk liuk rks iwjk ugha gqvk ij mlds vxys xoZuj tujy ykMZ MygkSth dh rhoz bPNk Fkh fd fo”o dk vueksy ghjk dksgsuwj Hkkjr fot; vkSj lkezkT; ds izrhd ds :I esa egkjkuh foDVksfj;k dks izLrqr djsa varr% og vius iz;kl esa lQy gks x;k 1849 ;g ghjk egkjktk j.kthrflag ds iq= fnyhi flag ls fy;k vkSj 3 tqykbZ 1850 dks bZLVbafM;k dh o’kZxkaB ij lkezkKh dks HksaV dj fn;k A

fo”o ds lcls eagxs egkuxjksa esa ls ,d eqacbZ dk eqY; vkt ls 470 o’kZ iwoZ flQZ 537 #i;s vkadk x;k Fkk A 1549 bZ esa lkr }hiksa ls cuh cEcbZ egkuxjh dk ;g {ks= tks ml le; iqrZxkfy;ksa ds dCts esa Fkk]e”kgwj iqrZxkyh ouLifr “kkL=h ,oa oSKkfud MkŒxkf”kZ;k ,oa MkŒvksVksZ dks lnk lnk ds fy;s mDr nke esa csp fn;k x;k FkkA bl ?kVuk ds 122o’kZ ckn 1661 esa ;g egkuxjh iqu% gLrkrfjr gqbZA bl ckj ;g iqrZxky ds jktk dks nh xbZA lkr o’kZ ckn baxySaM ds jktk us 10 ikSaM izfro’kZ fdjk;s ij ;g egkuxj bZLVbafM;k daiuh dks nsfn;k A

Daring women

Amazon Warriors

Most of us now know it because of a website but Amazon is generic term for women warriors. Historians say Amazons were two different matriarchal empires founded ,governed and defended  by women . Other scholars have assumed that trhe human/half horse warriors in Greek mythology were description of the Amazon women.

Fu Hao Fu hao a royal consort who led armies in the Hunan province in china around 1199Bc.She was one of the Chinese noble Women of the Shang dynasty known as Fu who controlled lands for the emperor.

Marguirete of Navarre

Known as the First modern woman, she was outstanding figure during the French Renainssance was the Queen consort of a king Henry II of Navarre. As a patron of humanists and reformers, and as an author in her own right, she became the most influential women in France. Her salon became famously known as the New Parnassus promoted several artists and writers .

Nehanda  ( 1862-1898) 

She was a princes of the Mashona nation of Zimbambwe. She was the military leader of her people when the British invaded her country .Despite launching several attacks against the invaders ,she was eventually captured and killed.

Kongo Zingo Skillful with the sword, bow and naganita, the empress of Japan conquered Korea in 2o1 Ad . She prohibited her soldiers from raping and plundering cities when they conquered them. She ruled for 70 years and gave Japan its first written language.

Wu chao 

She ruled China from 605 to 650 Ad . She ended China’s war with Korea by personally clinching a victory at sea. She was ruthless in keeping invasions at bay and surviving  several assassination attempts but an effective leader who gave china decades of peace and prosperity .

Germaine Greer

The life magazine called her the saucy feminist who even men like .She was the fatal diva who renounced the church ,advocated rampant sexual freedom for women, trashed marriage and the family and fulminated against the imposition of Western values on indigenous peasant cultures throughout the world.

Queen Isabella I ruled castile and Aragon jointly with her husband , Ferdinand .Not only she did help her husband unify the whole of Spain but also sponsored Christopher Columbus ‘ voyage of discovery. The queen took a special interest in the native Americans of the new lands; when some were brought back to Spain as slaves she insisted that be returned and freed’ and she insisted on treating them with justice and fairness.

Jon of arc (1412-1431) from being a oppressed woman to one who attains spiritual liberation .Also called the Maid of Orleans she led the resistance to the English invasion of France in the Hundred years war.

Simone De Beauvoir

When her book the second sex appeared in translation in 1953 it changed the way the West looked at women. The book analysed the history and implications of female subjection in Western culture and forced a change in the male gaze.

Rajkumari  Amrat  Kaur Inspired by Gandhiji, she devoted her life in active service and founded the All India Women’s Conference and Indian Red Cross  .She was the first women to hold a post in the cabinet, serving as health minister from 1947 to 1957, after which she remained the member of Rajya Sabha until her death in 1964.

Begum Hazrat  Mahal The begum of Oudh, wife of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah ,defended Lucknow against the British during the 1857 mutiny. She rejected the promises of allowance and status held out to her by the British and was chased from pillar to post but was unrelenting.

Rani laxmi bai

She was the regent for her infant and the military advisor for the Jhansi

The feminine mystiqe

The feminine mystique : in 1995 the passage of the 19^th amendment to the constitution’ giving women the right to vote celebrated its 75^th anniversary in the United States .It was the result of the work of two women ,Elizabeth Candy Stanton and Susan B Anthony ,who were the founders of the women’s suffrage movement. A movement that also got momentum from strong women like Sojourner Truth who was a slave sold several times over and coined the legendary phrase “Ain’t I a woman ?”and Harriet Tubman an underground railroad conductor and civil war figure . Their efforts and those of others in the rest of the world forced governments evry where to take corrective action. Newzealand gave Women the votein 1893 Finland 1903 Netherlands and Soviet Union in 1917 Great Britain in 1918 and finally Us in 1919.

आज की शायरी 1

bu pednkj drkjksa is utj j[krh gw¡

lq[kZ cankx vtkjksa is utj j[krh gw¡

ns ds feÍh ds f[kykSus eq>s cgdkvks u rqe

eSa tokuh gw¡ flrkjksa is utj j[krh gw¡